TECHNOLOGIES USED:

RASPBERRY PI:

1.       The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse.

2.      It is a capable little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python.

3.      It’s capable of doing everything you’d expect a desktop computer to do, from browsing the internet and playing high-definition video, to making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing games.

4.      The Raspberry Pi has the ability to interact with the outside world, and has been used in a wide array of digital maker projects, from music machines and parent detectors to weather stations and tweeting birdhouses with infra-red cameras.

5.      Raspberry Pi is being used by kids all over the world to learn to program and understand how computers work.

NODE RED:

1.       Node-RED is a flow-based development tool for visual programming developed     originally by IBM for wiring together hardware devices, APIs and online services as part of the Internet of Things.

2.      Node-RED provides a web browser-based flow editor, which can be used to create JavaScript functions.

3.      Elements of applications can be saved or shared for re-use. The runtime is built on Node.js.

4.      The flows created in Node-RED are stored using JSON.

5.      In 2016, IBM contributed Node-RED as an open source JS Foundation project.

Innovations:

1.RFID License technology to start the bike:

RFID stands for radio frequency identification and it basically uses the radio waves to read the information on the tag. The RFID tags contains the embedded transmitter and receiver attached to an object.

RFID is fast and does not require any contact between the reader and the tag and they can be read from feet’s away.

An RFID system consists of two parts: Tag and Reader

RFID tag:

An RFID tag contains a chip for storing information about physical object and an antenna to receive and transmit a signal. A RFID tag can usually store 1KB of data but it is enough for storing the name, credit card number, unique identification number, birth date and some more information.

RFID Reader:

The RFID reader performs two functions: Transmit and receive. So, one can also say it a transceiver. The RFID reader contains an antenna, radio frequency module and a control unit.

RFID Arduino INTERFACING:

 Interface the RFID reader module with Arduino. The RFID reader we are going to              use is MFRC522 reader module and it communicates with the Arduino through SPI protocol. It operates at 13.56 MHz frequency.

The tags are based on MIFARE protocol and they have 1kb of memory. They also have a microchip that can perform arithmetic operations.

A relay switch is connected to the Arduino uno and the battery which starts the bike when we scan the RFID tag using reader module.

 TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY DATA VISUALIZATION:

DHT11 node is used in node red to connect the real time dashboard to the raspberry pi and dht11 sensor.

Details about the node DHT 11;

This is a Node Red node to manage connection to a DHT11 or DHT22 sensor on a Raspberry Pi. It allows you to specify the variables that define the connections to the sensor.

Configuring the node

One can specify the following:

The topic of the message - this is passed through so it can be used as an ID for the sensor.

The name of the node. This can be a unique value to tag the sensor, useful if you have multiple sensors connected.

The sensor type - this can be either DHT11 or DHT22.

The pin number scheme. This can be any of the BCM-GPIO scheme.

The final dashboard for the data visualization of humidity and temperature looks like the above figure.

AUTOMATIC HIGH BEAM LOW BEAM SWITCHING:

·        During night times so many accidents takes place due to the invisibility that is formed due to the high beam which is coming from the opposite vehicle.

·        To avoid this problem, an LDR sensor is used to detect the light intensity of the opposite vehicle.

·        According to that, the light can be switched between high beam to low beam or vice versa.

·        Arduino microcontroller is used to interface the module and to adjust the brightness of the bulb.

·        Interfacing of ldr module with Arduino can be as follows:

·        It solves the main accident problem due to invisibility in all over the world.

·        Nothing is precious than the life of a person.

DRIVER BEHAVIOUR ANALYSIS:

·        The behavior of a bike rider can be the primary cause for almost all the accidents in our world.

·        So by reading ones behavior we can avoid accidents in prior to the accident up to some extent.

·        Here the sudden accelerations by the driver can be recorded by using Arduino uno and the sd card module.

·        The lean angles of the bike while riding the bike can be recorded using gyroscope module.

·        Alcoholic sensor is used to detect the alcoholic levels in drivers’ body.

·        So, all these readings will be recorded in sd card and further can be send to the cloud.

·        All the data collected can be used to predict the behavior of the driver according to his situation, it can be further used to avoid severe accidents by controlling the battery of the bike using relay modules.

Obstacle Avoider:

·        Sometimes accidents take place due to the invisible obstacles on the roads.

·        The obstacles can be detected prior to hit it and can be visualized on the dashboard using ultrasonic module and the Arduino uno.

·        An ultrasonic sensor is an instrument that measures the distance to anobject using ultrasonic sound waves.

·        An ultrasonic sensor uses a transducer to send and receive ultrasonic pulses that relay back information about an object’s proximity.

·        High-frequency sound waves reflect from boundaries to produce distinct echo patterns.

·       

·        The sensor senses the object within its range and it sends the data to the microcontroller.

·        The data will be visualized on the main dashboard on the touch screen prior to it.

Automatic Protective Shield for Touch Display:

·        The costly touch screen won’t work if it is filled with rain water , so a protective shield is constructed.

·        When the rain is detected by the rain sensor, it sends the signals to the microcontroller board.

·        Then the servo motors installed in the shield rotates and it closes the touch screen, so that it protects the screen from water.